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Seaman, a black Newfoundland dog, became famous for being a member of the first American overland expedition from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back. He was the only animal to complete the entire trip.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Seaman )〕 He was purchased for $20 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania by Captain Meriwether Lewis while he was in the city awaiting completion of the boats for the voyage in August 1803, for his famed Lewis and Clark expedition. During the expedition, around May 14, 1805, both Captains, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, performed surgery on one of Seaman's arteries in his hind leg, that had been severed by a beaver bite.〔 In early 1806, as the expedition was beginning the return journey, Seaman was stolen by Indians and Lewis threatened to send three armed men to kill the Indian tribe. Lewis & Clark's Corps of Discovery ate over 200 dogs while traveling the Lewis and Clark Trail, but Lewis' Newfoundland dog Seaman was spared.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Seaman - Lewis' Newfoundland Dog )〕 The final reference to Seaman in the journals, recorded by Lewis on July 15, 1806, states that "()he musquetoes continue to infest us in such manner that we can scarcely exist; for my own part I am confined by them to my bier at least 3/4 of the time. My dog even howls with the torture he experiences from them."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Seaman )〕 Due to a transcription error in Lewis' journals, the dog was once thought to have been named Scannon. However, during Donald Jackson's 1984 study of Lewis and Clark place-names in Montana, he found that Lewis had named a tributary of the Blackfoot River Seaman’s Creek (now Monture Creek) and concluded that the true name of the dog was "Seaman". 〔 In her book ''Lewis and Clark and Me: A Dog's Tale'' Laurie Myers reports that Lewis and Clark scholar, Jim Holmberg, discovered a book written in 1814 which listed epitaphs, and inscriptions. The book lists an inscription of a dog collar in a museum in Virginia. This has also been reported by Timothy Alden.〔 The inscription reads: "The greatest traveller of my species. My name is SEAMAN, the dog of captain Meriwether Lewis, whom I accompanied to the Pacific ocean through the interior of the continent of North America."〔 Holmberg's research was published in the February 2000 issue of "We Proceeded On", the newsletter of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation. In 2008, Seaman became the official mascot of Lewis & Clark College's Pioneers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Seaman, the Newfoundland Dog Explorer )〕 A monument to Seaman stands in front of the Custom House in Cairo, Illinois.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Graveyards of Illinois - Cairo City Cemetery )〕 Other monuments and statues that include Seaman can be found in St. Louis, Missouri, St. Charles, Missouri, Jefferson City, Missouri, Lincoln, Nebraska, Fort Atkinson State Historical Park in Fort Calhoun, Nebraska, the Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center in Sioux City, Iowa, Washburn, North Dakota, Overlook Park in Great Falls, Montana, in Fort Clatsop National Memorial in Seaside, Oregon, Cascade Locks Marine Park in Cascade Locks, Oregon and in Columbia View Park in Saint Helens, Oregon.〔 ==Seaman in fiction== Seaman has been a character in several novels. In ''Tall Tails: Cross-Country with Lewis and Clark'' by Dona Smith, Seaman has a journal and narrates the expedition. In ''New Found Land'' by Allan Wolf, Seaman is a main character. In ''The Captain's Dog'' by Roland Smith, Seaman is again the narrator, giving his account of the Lewis and Clark expedition. In "Seamen: The Dog Who Explored the West With Lewis and Clark" by Gail Langer Karwoski. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Seaman (dog)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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